Mariola Bidzan, Łucja Bieleninik, Daria Bogucka, Aleksandra Szulman-Wardal Problemy etyczne w naukach o zdrowiu na przykładzie psychologii klinicznej i psychologii rehabilitacji

Abstrakt

Psychology, as the science exploring multi-dimensional functioning of
a man, definitely can be classified as one of the health sciences. Despite distinct ontological
and epistemological backgrounds of life sciences – biology and medicine
– they can co-exist with psychology, because they have a common focus: a human
being. It is likely that representatives of health sciences will have the same moral
problems, faced with the same subject: a patient. Due to this, the aim of this work
is discussing ethical problems in health sciences, on the example of clinical psychology
and rehabilitation psychology. Problems, which psychologists face, originate
from the ancient times, when the job of the psychologist was unknown. The
problems are primarily related to strong interpersonal influence and the risk of
‘power’ abuse. They can be categorized to four groups, including: diagnostic tests,
psychological help, therapy and scientific research, including studies involving the
use psychological experiments. Identifying the ethical dimension with the competence
one, ethical problems occurring in those areas were analyzed in detail. Therefore
we provide the reader with an opportunity to become acquainted with the
ideal ethical behaviors model, i.e. the Psychology Profession Act, Mental Health
Act and Ethical Code of this professional group. We will also show case common
behaviors, which nevertheless are contradictory to the desired and expected ones.
Key words: ethics, psychology, health sciences